Instrument List

Number	Instrument	Century	Old Kingdom	Description
13-201	vihuela de péñola	13cent	Castile	ARTWORK Late 13th century fresco attributed to Antonio Sánchez de Segovia in the old cathedral in Salmanca, in the Capilla de San Martín, also known as the Capilla de Aceite. INSTRUMENT This is one of the few illustrations from before 1400 that show an i
15-126	rabel	15cent	Aragon	ARTWORK Book of Hours of the Bishop Juan Rodríguez de Fonseca (1451-1524). The Manuscript is of 15th-century Flemish provenance and belongs to the Real Seminario de San Carlos Borromeo (Zaragoza). There is a full-colour reproduction published by Siloé. Th
15-201a	vihuela de arco	15cent/2/mid	Castile	ARTWORK In this portico of the church of San Martin (Noia, La Coruña), completed in 1434, 9 of the 13 elders have musical instruments. They are all stringed instruments: 4 vihuelas, 2 psalteries, 2 harps and a rabel. Of the four vihuelas, three are held d
15-213	vihuela	15cent/2/mid	Castile	ARTWORK Portada del Nacimiento, Seville catedral. The doorway is located on the western facade, at the right end . The sculpture is made of baked clay and polychrome, painted in ochre in 1792 and restored in 1912. Current condition is poor condition as a
15-226	vihuela de arco	15cent	Aragon	ARTWORK This image of the Virgin and Child is from the central panel of “La Virgen de la Leche”. formerly in the Iglesia parroquial (parish church) of Sant Esteve de Canapost, Baix Empordà, and now in Girona in the Museu d’Art de Girona in the old episcop
15-227	vihuela de arco	15cent/2/mid	Aragon	ARTWORK The provenance of the painting is the Capilla de Santa Ágata, a chapel in the Plaza del Rey, Barcelona, now in the collection of the Museu d’Art de Catalunya in Barcelona, catalogue number 004513-000. It is Currently on long-term loan in ICUB Muse
15-301a	vihuela de mano	15cent/3/late	Aragon	ARTWORK Tempera and oil on wood with gold background. Dates from before 1492. The vihuelist is one of six large and three small angel musicians who surround the Madonna and Child that forms the central panel of the Retablo di Castelsardo, in the Cattedral
15-302	viola da mano (vihuela)	15cent/3/late	Papal States	ARTWORK “Music” from the monumental fresco “Quadrivium” painted by Bernardino Pinturicchio’s workshop, ca 1493, located in the Borgia Apartments of the Vatican, Rome. Comissioned by Alexander VI, soon after his election to the Papacy in 1492. The player o
15-308	vihuela de mano	15cent/3/late	Aragon	ARTWORK Juan de la Abadía, el viejo? ‘Madonna and Child with angel musicians’ Aragonese School. Dated 1485-1495. Jaca, Museo Diocesano. Oil on canvas. Height: 149.5 cm (58.8 in); Width: 95.5 cm (37.5 in) Juan de la Abadía, el viejo, active 1471-1498/1499
15-313	vihuela de arco	15cent/3/late	Castile	ARTWORK "La Resurrecciôn". A miniature in a Pasionario from the late 15th century in Gothic style, produced in the Monasterio de Guadalupe (Extremadura). The “Passio Domini Nostri Iesuchristi” was made in the Guadalupe workshop at the end of the 15th cen
15-314	vihuela de arco	15cent/3/late	Castile	Only very few details are available concerning this Vihuela de arco, described cursorily as a (alvarez1982, 1083) waisted vihuela de arco with corners (escotaduras), short neck and circular pegbox. The painting is very small and no further details are vis
15-324b	vihuela de mano	15cent/3/late 16cent/1/early	Aragon	ARTWORK Tempera and oil on wood with gold background. Dated after 1492. Size of remaining fragments 389 x 272 cm. The figure playing the vihuela is a male angel, and is one of six intrumentalists who probably flanked the central panel of the retablo. More
15-326	vihuela de arco	15cent/3/late 16cent/1/early	Castile	ARTWORK Female figure playing vihuela de arco‘The Assumption of the Virgin’ El Maestro de Osma. Castilian School. Dated ca 1500. INSTRUMENT The body of the instrument is very shallow with gently incurved waists, 4 small intarsia decorations on the shoul
15-327a	vihuela de mano	15cent/3/late 16cent/1/early	Aragon	ARTWORK ‘Coronation of the Virgin’ by a painter of the Valencian School. Regarded as anonymous by some writers, some art historians have attributed the painting that includes this angel to be the work of the Maestro of San Lázaro. This is not confirmed,
15-327b	vihuela de arco	15cent/3/late 16cent/1/early	Aragon	ARTWORK Female figure playing vihuela. Detail from an anonymous ‘Coronation of the Virgin’ by a painter of the Valencian School, perhaps by the Maestro de San Lázaro. Woodfield suggests it as early 16th century; Bordas suggests late 15th-century by Bordas
15-329	vihuela	16cent/1/early	Aragon	ARTWORK Work of the “Martínez Master” or a follower, late 15th-early 16th century. Collection of D. Leandro Saralegui. Post speculates that the Martínez master might be Nicolás Falcó b ca.1475 and active 1502-1527. Style is very similar to the Perea Maste
15-330	vihuela	15cent/3/late 16cent/1/early	Aragon	ARTWORK “La Virgen de la Gracia” [Our Lady of Grace] by Paolo de Sancto Leocadio, Enguera (Valencia), Iglesia de San Miguel. Painted on wood panel, 1482-1484. The painting is noted for the Italian influence coming into Valencian painting at this time. San
15-330a	vihuela de mano	15cent/3/late	Aragon	ARTWORK See 15-300 INSTRUMENT Vihuela with unusual bell-shaped body, round at the bottom = lower half is cornered, upper half is incurved. The bridge is close to bottom with an oval, carved rose in centre of body. Two star decorate the belly on the upper
15-330b	vihuela de arco	15cent/3/late 16cent/1/early	Aragon	ARTWORK See 15-300 INSTRUMENT Vihuela de arco has gently incurved waists, a raised bridge, and 4 strings attached to a tailpiece. The body has two c-holes and 4 intarsia designs on the upper and lower shoulders. The fingerboard is striped along its lengt
15-334	vihuela de mano	15cent/3/late	Aragon	ARTWORK The “Madonna and Child” featuring this vihuela-playing angel is a Hispano-Flemish work of the Aragonese school, dated late in the 15th century. It was a section of the altarpiece Retablo de Santa Ana, formerly in the Collegiate church in Játiva bu
15-339a	vihuela de arco	15cent/3/late	Ferrara	ARTWORK One of two detailed viola da arco players in the painting Madonna con Bambino in trono tra sant'Agostino, san Giovanni Evangelista, san Posidonio e san Francesco d'Assisi. Altarpiece 220 x 140 cm. Chiesa di S. Giovanni in Monte, Bologna. Full deta
15-339b	vihuela de arco	15cent/3/late	Ferrara	ARTWORK One of two detailed viola da arco players in the painting Madonna con Bambino in trono tra sant'Agostino, san Giovanni Evangelista, san Posidonio e san Francesco d'Assisi. Altarpiece 220 x 140 cm. Chiesa di S. Giovanni in Monte, Bologna. Full deta
15-345	vihuela de mano	15cent/3/late	Florence	ARTWORK Les Noces de Thétis et Pelée [The marriage of Thetis and Peleus] (c.1490-1501) [R. F. 1346] is a painting by Bartolomeo di Giovanni, active in Florence 1488-1501, measuring 1505 x 425mm. The painting was originally a panel of a marriage chest, pos
15-349a	vihuela de mano	15cent/3/late	Aragon	ARTWORK This fresco was discovered in June 2004 during restoration of the Cathedral. It had been hidden above a baroque ceiling superimposed on top of it. Ballester reports that the contract for the work was signed in 1472 (Med-Ren, Brussels 2015) . The w
15-349c	lute	15cent/3/late	Aragon	ARTWORK Paolo de San Leocadio (1447 Reggio Emilia; c. 1520) described as an Italian-born Spanish painter. Painting is located above the Altar mayor of the Cathedral of Valencia, Paolo de San Leocadio, 1472-1481. INSTRUMENT Large, round-bodied lute, prob
15-350	vihuela de mano	15cent/3/late	Aragon	ARTWORK Angel musician playing the vihuela, one of the figures depicted on the Portal of the Church of Santa María de Requena (Valencia). c.1480. This portico was declared a National Monument in 1931. The façade depicts the Annunciation, as seen in the ty
15-350a	vihuela de mano	15cent/3/late	Aragon	ARTWORK Main portal of the church of Santa María, Requena (Valencia). The church was originally built in the late 15th century but has been subsequently altered. See 15-350 INSTRUMENT Sculpture of a Vihuela de mano being played by an angel on one of the
15-350b	lute	15cent/3/late	Aragon	The instrument appears to be a gittern (guitarra) judging by the body shape. The quality of the photograph makes it difficult to assess this sculpture further in details
15-350c	vihuela de mano	15cent/3/late		ARTWORK Main portal of the church of Santa María, Requena (Valencia). The church was originally built in the late 15th century but has been subsequently altered. See 15-350 INSTRUMENT This vihuela from the portal of the Church of Santa María, Requena, i
15-354a	lute	15cent/2/mid	Aragon	ARTWORK The on-line catalogue of the Museu Nacional d’Art de Catalunya suggests that this painting may have been the central compartment of an altarpiece dedicated to the Virgin, and affirms it as one of Pedro García de Benabarre's most successful works.
15-354b	lute	15cent/2/mid	Aragon	ARTWORK The on-line catalogue of the Museu Nacional d’Art de Catalunya suggests that this painting may have been the central compartment of an altarpiece dedicated to the Virgin, and affirms it as one of Pedro García de Benabarre's most successful works.
15-358	viola da mano (vihuela)	15cent	Venice	ARTWORK Enameled glass bowl. Formerly considered to be of late 15th-century Venetian origin, but now considered to be from Murano and made in the 19th century. It is held by the Cleveland Museum of Art where it is catalogued as a “Tazza with a Frieze of P
15-359a	vihuela de arco	15cent/3/late	Castile	ARTWORK One of the Frescos of angels in the dome of the choir in the Monastery of Guadalupe, a fresco attributed to Juan de Flandes (c.1460-1519), apparently dating from the last years of the 15th century. Alvarez (alvarez1965) documents payments to someo
15-359b	lute	15cent/3/late	Castile	ARTWORK One of the Frescos of angels in the dome of the choir in the Monastery of Guadalupe, a fresco attributed to Juan de Flandes (c.1460-1519), apparently dating from the last years of the 15th century. Alvarez (alvarez1965) documents payments to someo
15-360	vihuela de mano	15cent/3/late	Italy	ARTWORK From the Retablo of the church of San Pietro, Tuili, Sardinia. Oil on wood, 5.50 x 3.50 m. Painted by the Master of Castelsardo.The retablo was originally located in the presbytery. It was commissioned by Giovanni and Violante Santa Cruz, lords o
15-361	vihuela	15cent/3/late		ARTWORK An illustration in Paris, Bibliothèque nationale de France, Fonds Esp.39, fol.14v. (colophon dated18 November 1477). The allegorical figure of Music holds a vihuela in an illustration of the Seven Liberal Arts. The work is
15-363	viola da mano (vihuela)	15cent/3/late	Italy	INSTRUMENT The detail shoiwn here is from an anonymous Italian drawing of Orpheus enchanting the animals. The instrument appers to be an unwaisted viola da mano. Its proportions are typical of the instrument and although it is not possible to judge with c
15-364	lute	15cent/3/late		ARTWORK Aparición de la Virgen a una comunidad de dominicos. Oil on wood 130 x 86 cm, painted 1493-1499. Now in the Prado in Madrid (catalogue no P000615), originally painted for the Monastery of Santo Tomás in Ávila. The commentary on the Prado website
15-365	viola da mano (vihuela)	15cent/3/late	Ferrara	ARTWORK Painting attributed to Giovanni Battista Cavalletto, Bologna, Italy, 1490-1500. Tempera on wood, 42.3 x 62.5 cm Muzeul National de Arta, Bucharest, inv. 7990/24. The musicians are placed at the bottom left of the painting, dressed in garb all’anti
15-366	viola da mano (vihuela)	15cent/3/late	Italy	ARTWORK Gilded and polychrome wooden scultpure of the Nativity carved in Populus alba wood, measuring 165 x 120 x 15 cm. It is attributed to the Master of Trognano (Giovanni Pietro and Giovanni Ambrogio De Donati?), and creeated after 1481 - 1490 approx.
15-367	vihuela	15cent/3/late	Aragon	ARTWORK This impressive Guildhall in Valencia was built in the period 1484 until c.1498. Its ceiling was painted by Martí Girbés, originally with a blue ceiling and gold stars. In the junctions in the panels of the vaulted ceilings are “claves” many of wh
15-367a	vihuela de mano	15cent/3/late	Aragon	ARTWORK This impressive Guildhall in Valencia was built in the period 1484 until c.1498. Its ceiling was painted by Martí Girbés, originally with a blue ceiling and gold stars. In the junctions in the panels of the vaulted ceilings are “claves” many of wh
15-367b	vihuela de mano	15cent/3/late	Aragon	ARTWORK This impressive Guildhall in Valencia was built in the period 1484 until c.1498. Its ceiling was painted by Martí Girbés, originally with a blue ceiling and gold stars. In the junctions in the panels of the vaulted ceilings are “claves” many of wh
15-367c	vihuela de mano	15cent/3/late	Aragon	ARTWORK This impressive Guildhall in Valencia was built in the period 1484 until c.1498. Its ceiling was painted by Martí Girbés, originally with a blue ceiling and gold stars. In the junctions in the panels of the vaulted ceilings are “claves” many of wh
15-367d	vihuela de mano	15cent/3/late	Aragon	ARTWORK This impressive Guildhall in Valencia was built in the period 1484 until c.1498. Its ceiling was painted by Martí Girbés, originally with a blue ceiling and gold stars. In the junctions in the panels of the vaulted ceilings are “claves” many of wh
15-367e	vihuela de arco	15cent/3/late	Aragon	ARTWORK This impressive Guildhall in Valencia was built in the period 1484 until c.1498. Its ceiling was painted by Martí Girbés, originally with a blue ceiling and gold stars. In the junctions in the panels of the vaulted ceilings are “claves” many of wh
15-367f	vihuela de arco	15cent/3/late	Aragon	ARTWORK This impressive Guildhall in Valencia was built in the period 1484 until c.1498. Its ceiling was painted by Martí Girbés, originally with a blue ceiling and gold stars. In the junctions in the panels of the vaulted ceilings are “claves” many of wh
15-367g	vihuela de arco	15cent/3/late	Aragon	ARTWORK This impressive Guildhall in Valencia was built in the period 1484 until c.1498. Its ceiling was painted by Martí Girbés, originally with a blue ceiling and gold stars. In the junctions in the panels of the vaulted ceilings are “claves” many of wh
15-367h	lute	15cent/3/late	Aragon	ARTWORK This impressive Guildhall in Valencia was built in the period 1484 until c.1498. Its ceiling was painted by Martí Girbés, originally with a blue ceiling and gold stars. In the junctions in the panels of the vaulted ceilings are “claves” many of wh
15-367i	lute	15cent/3/late	Aragon	ARTWORK This impressive Guildhall in Valencia was built in the period 1484 until c.1498. Its ceiling was painted by Martí Girbés, originally with a blue ceiling and gold stars. In the junctions in the panels of the vaulted ceilings are “claves” many of wh
16-007	vihuela de mano	16cent	Italy	ARTWORK Religious painting. Italian, Bologna. Photograph taken by Pepe Rey, May 2011 in a church in Bologna. No further details known. Pepe will supply more details later. INSTRUMENT Highly unusual instrument played alongside a lute. The lute is a very l
16-100	vihuela de mano / lute	16cent	Castile	ARTWORK Polychrome wooden sculpture of the Madonna and Child (La Virgen con el niño), the central piece of the Retablo Mayor in Toledo Cathedral. The Virgin is flanked on the left by an angel playing a vihuela (16-100a), and to the right another angel pla
16-100a	(none)	16cent	Castile	ARTWORK Sculpture of an angel playing the vihuela. Part of the “Madonna and Child” [La Virgen con el Niño] in the centre of the altarpiece of the Capilla Mayor, Toledo Cathedral, This figure stands on the left of the virgin (on the virgin’s right). On the
16-100b	lute	16cent	Castile	ARTWORK Sculpture of an angel playing the vihuela. Part of the “Madonna and Child” [La Virgen con el Niño] in the centre of the altarpiece of the Capilla Mayor, Toledo Cathedral, This figure stands on the right of the virgin (on the virgin’s left). On the
16-101	vihuela de mano	16cent/1/early	Aragon	ARTWORK Anonymous, painting. Oil on wood, presumably from the early 16th century. Barcelona Cathedral. INSTRUMENT Angel musician plays a vihuela that is consistent with many other Spanish vihuela illustrations in its shape, size, and many of it features.
16-103	viola da mano (vihuela)	16cent/1/early	Italy	ARTWORK "The Virgin, the Child and St Anne", Girolamo dai Libri, oil on canvas, painted between 1510 and 1518 for S. Maria della Scala, Verona. 158.1 x 94 cm. Bought by the National Gallery, London in 1864, catalogue no: NG748. This is one of two known
16-105a	vihuela de arco	16cent/1/early	Aragon	ARTWORK Anonymous ‘Coronation of the Virgin’. Majorcan or Valencian School. Dated early 16th century. Woodfield gives the context of the painting. For a long time, the only image available of this instrument (such as the one repreoduced by Woodfield) was
16-106a	(none)	16cent/1/early	Aragon	ARTWORK Anonymous ‘The Dormition of the Virgin’. Valencian School. Dated early 16th century. Valencia: Museo de Bellas Artes. INSTRUMENT Small vihuela de arco with cornered waists, and a round soundhole in the middle of body. 4 Strings attached to tail
16-107a	vihuela de arco	16cent/1/early	Aragon	ARTWORK Early 16th-century painting described by Woodfield as “Valencian School, private collection, Barcelona” without further specification (woodfield1984, 67) INSTRUMENT Vihuela de arco held nearly horizontally in guitar position. It shows large cor
16-107b	lute	16cent/1/early	Aragon	ARTWORK Early 16th-century painting described by Woodfield as “Valencian School, private collection, Barcelona” without further specification (woodfield1984, 67) INSTRUMENT A lute with a more oval shape than is usual. The deep bowl can be seen, Played w
16-108	vihuela de arco	16cent/1/early	Castile	ARTWORK King David is portrayed playing a vihuela de arco on fol. 70 of Cantoral 7 of Jaén Cathedral, dating from the 1st third of the 16th century. It is a detail from an initial letter, the work of the Maestro de la Vida de Jesús was active at the Cathe
16-109	vihuela de mano	16cent/1/early	Aragon	ARTWORK Wood panel. Fragment of the altarpiece of Iglesia de Santa María, parish church, Tamarite de Litera (Huesca), formerly a collegiate church. The altarpiece was commissioned in 1500 and completed in 1503. The commission was to Miguel Ximénez and his
16-110	viola da mano (vihuela)	16cent/1/early	Papal States (?)	ARTWORK Angel playing a viola da mano in the “Coronation of the Elect in the Earthly Paradise” south wall • Luca Signorelli, fresco executed between 1499 and 1505. Minamino explains that the scene closely resemble’s Dante’s description (minamino2004-2, 18
16-111	viola da mano (vihuela)	16cent/1/early	Aragon	ARTWORK Detail from Cristoforo Scacco, Incoronazione (c. 1500) Museo de Capodimonte, Naples. Minamino’s article [minamino2004-2] article has the best quality reproduction (B&W). INSTRUMENT This plucked vihuela has cornered waists, with a flat angled peg
16-112	vihuela de mano	16cent/1/early	Castile	ARTWORK Coronation of the Virgin, oil on wood (?) by Andrés López and Antonio de Vega, Iglesia de la Santísima Trinidad, Plaza de la Trinidad, Segovia. 100 x 80 cm. Angel vihuelist, one of a group of angels surrounding the virgin in this account of the C
16-113	vihuela de mano / guitarra	16cent/1/early	Aragon	PRINT Woodcut on the title page of Vocabularii molt profitos per aprendre lo Catalan Alamany y lo Alamany Catalan (Perpignan: Johan Rosembach, 1502). A type of Catalan-German dictionary. Unique copy: Barcelona, Biblioteca de Catalunya. INSTRUMENT 5-stri
16-114	vihuela de mano	16cent/1/early	Castile	ARTWORK The choir stalls in Burgos Cathedral were built between 1505 and 1512 by the Burgundian sculptor Felipe Vigarny, probably in association with the expert wood craftsman Andrés de Nájera. The work was oresumably finished by 1512 as the old choir sta
16-115	vihuela de mano	16cent/1/early	Aragon	ARTWORK The altarpiece or retablo in the Iglesia de Nuestra Señora de Jesús on the town of Santa Eulalia (Ibiza) is usually called simply the “Retablo de Jesús” but has been called different names in the literature n the vihuela such as ‘La Virgen de los
16-116a	viola da mano (vihuela)	16cent/1/early	Ferrara	ARTWORK A pair of angel vihuelists from the “Coronation of the Virgin with angel concert”, anon. (Ludovico Mazzolino or Michele Coltellini?). Painted between 1502 and 1505. Fresco, Santa Maria della Consolazione in Ferrara, apse. Godt (godt1989) reports
16-116b	vihuela de arco	16cent/1/early	Ferrara	ARTWORK A pair of angel vihuelists from the “Coronation of the Virgin with angel concert”, anon. (Ludovico Mazzolino or Michele Coltellini?). Painted between 1502 and 1505. Fresco, Santa Maria della Consolazione in Ferrara, apse. Godt (godt1989) reports
16-117a	vihuela de mano	16cent/1/early	France	ARTWORK Angel playing vihuela de mano. Church of St Peter and St Paul, Gonesse (Val d’Oise), approx. 15km north of Paris. Tempera on wood, painted on panels that decorate a curved area below the organ case, dating c.1508. Twelve angel musicians are depi
16-117b	vihuela de arco	16cent/1/early	France	ARTWORK Angel playing vihuela de arco. Tempera on wood. Church of St Peter and St Paul, Gonesse (Val d’Oise) about 15km north of Paris. Painted on wood panels that decorate a curved area below the organ case dating c.1508. Twelve angel musicians are depic
16-119	viola da mano (vihuela)	16cent/1/early	Ferrara	ARTWORK An angel playing a viola da mano [vihuela]. Detail from a larger painting of the Madonna and Child. INSTRUMENT This instrument is reminiscent of 15th-century images of vihuelas with strongly pronounced cornered waists. The waist is approx 1/3 o
16-120	vihuela de mano	16cent/1/early	Aragon?	ARTWORK Frontispiece of an anonymous, undated broadsheet (pliego suelto) estimated to have been published c. 1520, intitled Chistes de muchas maneras nuevamente compuestos: con un villancico al cabo que dize: no me demandes carillo. ca 1520. The work is d
16-124	vihuela de mano	16cent	Castile	The oldest surviving vihuela, this instrument could date from the early 16th century. 6-course vihuela. Detailed measurements and description in Bordás 1991 33ff. Length 1123 mm; two bridge positions indicating mensurs of 757 and 798mm. The bass side of
16-125	viola da mano (vihuela)	16cent/1/early	Mantua	ARTWORK Intarsia in the grotta of Isabella d’Este in Mantua created between 1506 and 1508. The viola da mano is depicted alongside a viola de arco/lira da braccio? with the same body profile and a thick leaf-shaped pedbox. INSTRUMENT Italian viola da man
16-126	viola da mano (vihuela)	16cent/1/early	Italy	ARTWORK “Madonna and child with saints” by Girolamo dai Libri, c.1520. New York, The Metropolitan Museum of Art, Painting originally located in Cartieri. Accession Number: 20.92. Painted in about 1520 for the Augustinian church of San Leonardo nel Monte
16-128	vihuela de mano	16cent/1/early	Aragon	ARTWORK Woodcut on the title page of Libro en el qual se contienen cincuenta romances con sus villancicos y desechas, Barcelona c. 1525. The same woodcut was used on a broadsheet printed by Carles Amorós, Barcelona, n.d. [c.1525]. The vihuela is clearl
16-137	vihuela de mano	16cent/1/early	Aragon	ARTWORK San Vicente / St. Vincent. Tempera on wood, 194 x 123 cm. Central panel of an alterpiece (retablo). The work is currently held in the Museo Diocesano in Lleida (Lérida), but originates from the parish church of San Vicente in Àger (Catalonia) -- t
16-137a	vihuela de mano	16cent/1/early	Aragon	ARTWORK Painting is located in the Museo Diocesano, Lleida (Lérida). In the description of this painting on the webste “Via Vicentius Valentius —Via Romana” http://viavicentius.blogspot.com.au/2012/08/la-tabla-de-san-vicente-martir-de-ager.html [accessed
16-138	vihuela de mano	16cent/1/early	Aragon	ARTWORK See 16-137. This is one of the two vihuelas painted on the finiuals on each side of the back of the throne on which St Vincent sits (16-138; 16-139). INSTRUMENT One of the four instruments in the painting. this vihuela has a body with cornered wa
16-139	vihuela de mano	16cent/1/early	Aragon	ARTWORK One of the four instruments in the painting. See 16-137. This is one of the two vihuelas painted on the finiuals on each side of the back of the throne on which St Vincent sits (16-138; 16-139). Woodfield describes this picture as having “two tiny
16-140	vihuela de arco	16cent/1/early	Aragon	ARTWORK See full details in 16-137. One of the four main instruments in the painting. Played by an angel. Alvarez suggests if to be from the 15th century, but it seems more likely to be from the early 16th (alvarez1982, 1085). INSTRUMENT This instrument
16-141	viola da mano (vihuela)	16cent/1/early	Bologna	ARTWORK Madonna and Child surrounded by St John the Baptist and St Sebastian and two patrons. Painted by Antonio Giovanni Boltraffio (1466-1516), a student of Leonardo. It was painted in 1500 for the Casio chapel of Santa Maria della Misericordia, near Bo
16-143	vihuela de mano	16cent/1/early	Castile	ARTWORK The portal of the Colegiata de Santa María in Calatayud was added in the 16th century and features the alabaster decorations made by Juan de Talavera and Esteban de Oloray. Their work was completed in 1525. At the top of the arched entrance to eit
16-144	vihuela de mano	16cent/1/early	Castile	ARTWORK Anonymous Coronation of the Virgin. In the same painting, a second angel plays a similar instrument, with the neck and, in part, the body behind and above the Virgin. Located by Pepe Rey and discussed by him in a lecture (Madrid, 25 March 1998). P
16-145	vihuela de mano / guitarra	16cent	Castile	LOCATION Polychromed wood sculpture of an angel with 4-course guitar. Originally made for the altar of the Cathedral in Avila but now in the Museo catedralicio, vitrina 10, no 141. DESCRIPTION Similar shape to 6-course vihuelas. Characteristics include a
16-146	vihuela de mano	16cent/1/early	Castile	ARTWORK This pine carving originally from the palace of Pedro Fajardo y Chacón, first Marqués de Vélez Blanco, Vélez Blanco (Almería). is based on the print by Jacopo da Strasbourg of 1503. Current location: Musée des Arts Décoratifs, Paris. Carlos Gonz
16-147	vihuela de mano	16cent/1/early	Italy	ARTWORK Woodcut print in Jacopo da Strasbourg, Trivmphvs Caesaris (Venice, 1503). This illustration was the model used for the frises made for the Palace of the Marquis of Vélez Blanco (16-146). INSTRUMENTS The two vihuelas, variations on the same model
16-155	vihuela de mano / guitarra	16cent/1/early	Castile	ARTWORK Polychrome wooden vihuela being supported by an angel on the retablo of the Cathedral in Lugo. It was carved by Cornelio de Holanda in 1531. INSTRUMENT The instrument is of the vihuela family but may be a guitar if the number of strings is taken
16-160	viola da mano (vihuela)	16cent/1/early	Ferrara	ARTWORK Painting attributed to Lorenzo Costa (1460-1535) on the basis of a signature. “Suonatrice di liuto” by Lorenzo Costa, oil painting on wood, 63.8 x 54.5 cm, dated 1500-1535. Currently located in Bologna, having formerly been in private collections
16-163	vihuela de mano	16cent/1/early	Castile	ARTWORK Diego del Puerto, Portus Musice correctus seu emendatus in quo nemo periclitabitur, Salamanca, 1504. This early book of music theory was published as indicated, in Salamanca in 1504. Despite its Latin title, the text of the book is in Spanish. The
16-164a	vihuela de mano	16cent/1/early	Aragon	ARTWORK Painting of Nuestra Señora de la Santa Esperanza, attributed to the Maestro de Alforja, identified by some scholars as Francesc Ribes. 214 x 104cm. Possibly dates from the 1520s or 1530s. The only known date concerning the activity of Francesc Rib
16-166	vihuela de arco	16cent/1/early	Castile	ARTWORK This painting is tempera and gold on wood, attributed to the Maestro de Osma (fl. 1503-1516). The provenance and current location of this painting are still unknown INSTRUMENT A finely painted vihuela de arco with small cornered waists in an othe
16-168	vihuela de mano	16cent/1/early	Sweden	ARTWORK Painting in the Edebo Church in Uppland, dated c. 1514, according to Kenneth Sparr. The Wikipedia entry for this church says that the frescoes are from the 16th century and that they were restored when the church was renoavted in 1911-1913 (https:
16-170	viola da mano (vihuela)	16cent/1/early	Italy	ARTWORK This is one of a group of frescos on the walls of the courtyard of a residence at 112 Via Pignolo, in Bergamo. These instruments were discovered by German artist and journalist Gennady Kuznetsov who posted some intial information on Facebook on 30
16-171	vihuela de arco	16cent/1/early	Italy	ARTWORK Oil on wood, 90.5 x 90.5 cm. Philadelphia Museum of Art, Philadelphia (PA), inv. 234, John G. Johnson Collection The full painting shows an ensemble of musicians playing together: one or two singers, 2 treble recorders, lute and vihuela de arco.
16-172	vihuela de mano	16cent	Castile	ARTWORK Fresco on the triumphal arch of the Iglesia Mayor, Castronuño (Valladolid). Although the only photograph consulted so far (shown here) is not detailed, it depicts to be of an angel playing a vihuela de mano. From the photo here, the instrument app
16-173	vihuela de mano	16cent/1/early	Castile	ARTWORK This angel playing the vihuela stands to the left of the Virgen Mary in a Coronation scene. It is painted in oil on wood, and was originally in the Monasterio de dominicas de Santa Catalina (Valladolid) = Santa Catalina de Siena. The former monast
16-201	vihuela de mano	16cent/2/mid	Castile	ARTWORK The frontispiece of Narváez’s vihuela book, Los seys libros del Delphin, features a woodcut that shows the mythical figure Arion seated on the back of a dolphin playing the vihuela. It depicts the legend of the shipwrecked Arion being rescued by t
16-202	vihuela de mano	16cent/2/mid	Aragon	ARTWORK This figure is the central figure of three saint musicians adorning the Convent of Santa Clara in Gandía (Valencia). A harpist stands to the left, a recorder player to the right. It is a panel from a larger painting, La Trinidad con querubines y á
16-203	viola da mano (vihuela)	16cent/2/mid	Italy	ARTWORK Fresco on the interior of the dome of the church of S. Sigismondo de Cremona, 1570. The sketch for this painting is 16-214. INSTRUMENT A large viola da mano with cornered waists and a central rosette. Fretted neck with six strings visible. The en
16-204	vihuela de mano / guitarra	16cent/2/mid	Castile	ARTWORK Woodcut included in Alonso Mudarra, Tres Libros de Musica, 1546, Libro III, fol [58], frame 221 of the Biblioteca Digital Hispana digital reproduction. It depicts a character named Psaltes kneeling while playing and singing. Unusually the vihuel
16-205	vihuela de mano / guitarra	16cent/2/mid	Castile	ARTWORK Anonymous woodcut print from Sebastián Fernández, Tragedia Policiana. En el qual se tractan los muy desdichados amores de Policiano y Philomena. Executados por industria de la diabolica vieja Claudina, madre de Parmeno y maestra de Celestina. Tole
16-206	vihuela de mano / guitarra	16cent/2/mid	Castile	ARTWORK This print is used on fol. 5 of the Sebastián Fernández’s Tragedia Policiana. (Toledo: a costa de Diego López librero, 1547) The same print is used on the frontispiece to the 1547 edition of Diego de San Pedro, Cárcel de Amor. -- see 16-254. Two
16-207	vihuela de mano	16cent/2/mid	Castile	ARTWORK This stone carving of an Angel playing a vihuela is located above the Portada de San Gregorio Magno, a doorway in the south-eastern corner of the Claustro de Reyes at the Convento de S. Esteban in Salamanca, and dates from 1551. The sculptor is un
16-208	vihuela de mano / guitarra	16cent/2/mid	Castile	ARTWORK Detail from the frontispiece of Francisco Guerrero, Sacrae Cantiones (1555). INSTRUMENT The instrument depicted here appears to be a 4-course guitar. It is shape and features are typical of many early to mid-sixteenth century vihuelas and guitars
16-209	vihuela de mano	16cent/2/mid	Castile	ARTWORK Woodcut print from Bermudo, Declaración de Instrumentos musicales, 1555, fol. 110. (frame 237 of the digital copy on Biblioteca Digital Hispana (E-Mn). INSTRUMENT On of the few depictions of a seven-course vihuela. The instrument is drawn with s
16-210	vihuela de mano	16cent/2/mid	Castile	In his Libro de cifra nueva, Venegas de Henestrosa includes this woodcut of the upper half of a vihuela for the primary purpose of showing the location of the notes in relation to the numerical system of the “cifra nueva” that he was seeking to promote.
16-212	vihuela de mano	16cent/2/mid	Aragon	ARTWORK This angel playing a vihuela is a detail from the painting known as “La Virgen y el niño entre San Juan Bautista y Santiago” [The Virgin and Chold between St John the Baptist and St James] painted by Juan Macip, known as Juan de Juanes, c. 1565, a
16-213	(none)	16cent/2/mid	Aragon	ARTWORK Woodcut from the title page of Baptista Montidea, Villete de Amor. ([Valencia] Juan Timoneda, librero, ca 1565), title page. The print shows a gentleman with tambourine and a boy with vihuela serenade a lady who appears ar the window of a tower. T
16-214	viola da mano (vihuela)	16cent/2/mid	Italy	ARTWORK Study by Bernardo Campi for a painting on the cupola of the church of S. Sigismondo de Cremona, 1570. Held in the Drawing collection of the Uffizi, Florence. The photographic reproduction is credited to the Uffizi, Florence. The finished painting
16-215	vihuela de mano	16cent/2/mid	Aragon	ARTWORK This is the vihuela depicted in the prefatory material of El Maestro. It has the pitches of the open strings drawn onto the strings which are part of the author’s explanation of the instrument’s tuning. INSTRUMENT An elegantly proportioned vihu
16-216	vihuela de mano	16cent/2/mid	Aragon	ARTWORK Frontsipiece of Luis Milán El Maestro, Valencia, 1536. It is not known if the print was intended in any way to be a portrait of Milán. It depicts the legendary Orpheus, surrounded by awe-struck birds and animals. He is dressed in a Grecian tunic,
16-217	vihuela de mano	16cent/2/mid	Castile	ARTWORK Woodcut of a gentleman playing a vihuela published in Luys de Castillo, Canción hecha por luys de castillo con su glosa. (Medina del Campo, 1535). It is described in ward1953, 14. The version here is a more refined version of the same design use
16-218	vihuela de mano	16cent/2/mid	Castile	ARTWORK Bas-relief, by Etienne Chamet (b. ca 1515) known in Spain as Esteban Jamete or Chamete, on the main portal of the Iglesia de San Salvador, in Úbeda, (Jaén). This is the church commissioned by the Comendador Mayor de León, Francisco de los Cobos, t
16-225	vihuela de mano	16cent/2/mid	Portugal	ARTWORK Natividad. by the Maestro de Abrantes (active 1540 -1578), Igreja da Misericordia, Abrantes (Portugal). The church was built in 1548. The painting is estimated to date from the 1550s or 1560s. INSTRUMENT A six course vihuela: 5x2; 1x1 strings, Wa
16-228	vihuela de mano	16cent/2/mid	France	ARTWORK Apollon et les Muses au Parnasse. Nicolo dell'Abbate d’après Primatice, after 1550. Fresco, Château de Fontainebleau, Ballroom. The decoration of the ballroom at Fontainebleau was realised in the 1550s by a team lead by Niccolò dell’Abbate (Modena
16-230	vihuela de mano	16cent/2/mid	Castile	ARTWORK One of two lecterns (facistol) in the choir of Toledo Cathedral with cast bronze figures of vihuelists. The other (16-231) depicts a player of a bowed vihuela de arco. These are the work of Nicolás de Vergara, el mozo (1540-1606). INSTRUMENT This
16-231	vihuela de arco	16cent/2/mid	Castile	ARTWORK Probably by Nicolás de Vergara, el mozo (1540-1606).One of two lecterns in the choir (Facistol de coro) of Toledo Cathedral with cast bronze figures of vihuelists. The other (➞16-230) depicts a player of a vihuela de mano. These are the work of N
16-235	vihuela de mano	16cent/2/mid	Castile	Polychromed plaster sculpture from the Chapel of the Benavente showing the personification of Death playing a five-course vihuela. This instrument is on the cover of Hispanica Lyra 12 (November 2010), with a high quality photo and commentary by César Rod
16-236	vihuela de mano	16cent/2/mid	Castile	ARTWORK Sculpture in the Hostal San Marcos, León. Currently a Parador Nacional, formerly the Convento de San Marcos, built between 1515 and 1541. (see: http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Convento_de_San_Marcos_(León). It is one of the leading monuments of Spani
16-237	vihuela de mano	16cent/2/mid	Castile	ARTWORK The Real Colegiata Basilica de San Isidoro in Léon is a leading example of romanesque art in Spain, dating from the 11th and 12th centuries. Expansion was begun in 1513 by Juan de Badajoz el Viejo, and continued by his son Juan de Badajoz el Mozo.
16-238	vihuela de mano	16cent/2/mid	America	ARTWORK Angel playing a vihuela, stone sculpture, ca 1560. Facade of the chapel, of the former monastery of San Agustín, Acolman de Nezahualcóyotl, Estado de México, Mexico. The monastery, now a national monument, was built between 1539 and 1580. The vihu
16-241	vihuela de mano	16cent/2/mid	Aragon	ARTWORK This woodcut of a courtier playing the vihuela is used 12 times in Luis Milán’s tiny book (approx. 110x80mm.) Libro de motes de damas y caualleros: intitulado el juego de mandar. Valencia : Francisco Díaz Romano, 1535. It appears on the following
16-242	vihuela de mano	16cent/2/mid	Castile	ARTWORK The Ermita de San Segundo dates from the 13th century but was significanty remodelled in the 16th century. This cherub is one of a number of cherubs painted on the half-dome on the rear wall of this Gothic church, above the main altar. In the phot
16-243	lute	16cent/2/mid	Castile	ARTWORK Intarsia above the doorway to the Salón de Embajadores, in the Palace area of the Monasterio de San Lorenzo de El Escorial, commissioned by Philip II from Bartholomew Weisshaupt of Augsburg. It depicts a six-course lute alongside its case. The ang
16-244	vihuela de mano / guitarra	16cent/2/mid	Portugal	ARTWORK The old cathedral in Coimbra dates from the 12th century, but the Capilla del Santísimo Sacramento was built on the right hand side of the nave by Jean de Rouen in 1566. The chapel is designed with Christ and the Apostles on high as if in Council,
16-246	vihuela de mano	16cent/2/mid	Portugal	ARTWORK Nossa Senhora das Neves com doador. (Virgin of the Snow with donor) Oil on wood by an anonymous painter, Portuguese school, 1540-1550. 1655/1660 x 1100 mm. Purchased at auction in Porto in 2000 by present owner Álvaro Sequeira Pinto, in Porto. Tho
16-247	vihuela de mano	16cent/2/mid	Portugal	ARTWORK This angel musician is a detail from an anonymous Assumption of the Virgin, c. 1560, now in a private collection in Portugal but original from the private chapel of the Solar [Manor] dos Marqueses de Pancas, Alpedrinha. More details on this locati
16-249	lute	16cent/2/mid	Castile	ARTWORK This pen and ink drawing is found on the title page of the copy of Mudarra’s Tres libros de música held by the Biblioteca Nacional de España in Madrid. It must have been added at some stage by an owner of the book. The figure appears to represent
16-252	vihuela de mano	16cent/2/mid		ARTWORK The Museum’s catalogue describes this work as anonymous and dates it to the first half of the 16th century. Elsewhere it is described as a Spanish “mannerist” work which would date it more likely 1530-1580. It depicts “The Virgin with Child and Sa
16-253	vihuela de mano	16cent/2/mid	Aragon	ARTWORK Part of the Coronation of the Virgin compartment of the retablo mayor from the church of Santa Maria de Segueró, today in the Museu d’Art de Girona. INSTRUMENT Ballester comments that, even though a schematic representation, it is clear that it c
16-254	vihuela de mano / guitarra	16cent/2/mid	Castile	ARTWORK This print is used in the frontispiece to the 1547 edition of Cárcel de Amor. This is the same print that appears as the frontispiece in Sebastián Fernández’s Tragedia Policiana (Medina del Campo, 1547) -- see 16-205. Two elegant gentlemen stand b
16-302	vihuela de mano	16cent/3/late	Castile	ARTWORK One of the pen and ink, and watercolour portraits in Francsico Pacheco’s Libro de descripción. It is placed at the beginning of the eulogy of the virtues of this gentleman musician. INSTRUMENT The vihuela is only partially illustrated. It seems
16-303	vihuela de mano	16cent/3/late		ARTWORK Painted on paper glued to cloth. There seem to be more than one copy of this painting. The one shown here is from the Kobe Municipal Museum, given to me by David Irving on 23 July 2001, sent to him by Isaku Ogawa, and attributed to Nobukata. Anot
16-303a	vihuela de mano	16cent/3/late		A photo reproduced from omata1977 suggests that the picture has been restored (see reproduction at http://www.vihuelademano.com/rcmdias.htm) [Batov] This same site gives also another version of the same painting in which the Japanese vihuelist is observed
16-304	vihuela de mano	16cent/3/late		INSTRUMENT Vihuela, later 16th century. Maker, place and date unknown. Paris, Musée de la Musique, (E.0748). The instrument has no indication of its provenance. Description: Vaulted back of 7 fluted ribs. It has quite a wide body for its length. Soundboa
16-305	vihuela de mano	16cent/3/late	Castile	ARTWORK A pastoral figure playing a vihuela from a scene described by Corona-Alcalde (corona2004-1, 23, n. 31) as an “Allegory of Music, by Nicholas Granello, who was active at El Escorial in the decoration of the building from 1581-1591. INSTRUMENT The
16-306	vihuela de mano	16cent/3/late	Portugal	INSTRUMENT This instrument, a vihuela or guitar, built in Lisbon in 1581 by Belchior Dias, is held in the collection of the Royal College of Music, London, inventory number RCM0171 With an outline tht shows clear evidence of having been designed using pr
16-309	vihuela de mano	16cent/3/late	Lowcountries	ARTWORK Apollo and the Muses. Carved painted and gilt oak Panel, ca.1580. London, Victoria and Albert Museum, Museum no. A.12-1924. Height: 121.28 x Width: 178.18. According the details on the V&A website, the work is probably Engish and is said to have
16-313	vihuela de mano	16cent	Castile	ARTWORK Angel con vihuela de mano. Polychrome relief on the dome of the presbytery of the Cathedral of Córdoba. Dome by Juan de Ochoa, c. 1600. Instrument from a photo by Carlos González that was included in his “Calendario de iconografía musical 2007” I
16-314	vihuela de mano	16cent/2/mid	America	ARTWORK Stone sculpture on the facade of the Cathedral of Yuriria (Guanajuato, Mexico) in the central highlands of Mexico. The colonisation in Guanajuato began in the 1520s and the Cathedral was built in the period 1550-1558. See: http://en.wikipedia.org/
16-315	vihuela de mano	16cent/3/late 17cent/1/early	Castile	INSTRUMENT Whether this instrument should be called a vihuela or a guitar is disputed. One of the oldest surviving Spanish instruments, possibly from the late 16th or early 17th centuries. Originally it could have been either a five-course or six-course i
16-316	vihuela de arco	16cent/3/late	Castile	SOURCE Juan de Horozco y Covarrubias, Emblemas morales. Segovia: Juan de la Cuesta, 1589. Emblema 30, lib. 2, fol. 59. The same woodcut is used in the 1591 reprint. INSTRUMENT A mermaid playing a vihuela de arco. The istrument has a large body, curved br
16-316a	vihuela de arco	16cent/3/late	Castile	SOURCE Juan de Horozco y Covarrubias, Emblemas morales. Zaragoza: Alonso Rodríguez, 1604. Emblema 30, lib. 2, fol. 59. INSTRUMENT A mermaid playing a vihuela de arco. This is a new version of the print in the 1589 original edition (see 16-316)
16-317	guitarra	16cent/3/late	Castile	SOURCE From Juan de Horozco y Covarrubias, Emblemas morales. Segovia: Juan de la Cuesta, 1589. The same woodcut was used in the 1591 reprint. A new woodcut woodcut was used in the 1604 edition. This illustration is at the opening of Emblema 31, on fol. 61
16-317a	guitarra	16cent/3/late	Castile	SOURCE From the 1604 edition of Juan de Horozco y Covarrubias, Emblemas morales. originally issued in 1589 (see 16-317). A new woodcut woodcut was used in this edition. This illustration is at the opening of Emblema 31, on fol. 61. Other details are in t
16-318	lute	16cent/3/late	Castile	SOURCE From Juan de Horozco y Covarrubias, Emblemas morales. Segovia: Juan de la Cuesta, 1589. The same woodcut was used in the 1591 reprint. A new woodcut woodcut was used in the 1604 edition. This illustration is at the opening of Emblema 34, on fol. 67
16-318a	lute	16cent/3/late	Castile	SOURCE Juan de Horozco y Covarrubias, Emblemas morales, Zaragoza, 1604. fol. 67. INSTRUMENT This is a new version of the woodcut that was used in the 1st edition of this book in 1589. The drawing has been reversed. In this new version (compare with 16-31
16-324	vihuela de mano	16cent/3/late	Portugal	ARTWORK Sagrada Família, Santa Ana e Anjos” or “Fuga para o Egipto” Francisco Venegas (fl. 1582-1591). Capela-do-mor, Igreja da Nossa Senhora da Luz. Carnide (Lisbon), built between 1575 and 1596. The original church was destroyed in the earthquake of 17
16-325	guitarra	16cent/3/late	Italy	ARTWORK “Joyeux duo” is a painting attributed to Caravaggio. The painting was sold in Amsterdam 1952-03-18 and its present whereabouts are unknown. This photograph of the painting is held by the Bibliothèque nationale de France, département Musique, VM PH
16-327	vihuela de arco	16cent/2/mid	Castile	ARTWORK Ceiling of the Library in the Palace of El Escorial. The painter, Niccolò Granello was a member of the team that commenced the artworks in El Escorial in 1581, commencing the work in the library in February 1591. He died in late 1593. INSTRUME
16-337	Lute	16cent/3/late	Castile	Artwork An anonymous castilian painting dated as the second half of the sixteenth century. Oil on wood. Fundación Simón Ruiz. Photos by Gracia Gil. Used with permission. Instrument Judging by its size and the join of the body and the neck, this instrumen
17-103	vihuela de mano	17cent/1/early	America	INSTRUMENT Vihuela, early 17th century (?). Quito, Iglesia de Nuestra Señora de Loreto (de la Compañía de Jesús), belonged to Santa Mariana de Jesús (1618-1645). 6-course vihuela. Built probably early in the seventeenth century in Latin America mixing t
17-112	vihuela de mano	17cent/1/early	Aragon	ARTWORK Angel playing the vihuela from Martirio de San Félix. By Pere Cuquet (†1666) Detail from the Retablo mayor (1636) of the church of San Feliu de Codines (Cataluña). Detail on artist from: http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pere_Cuquet [consulted 17/01/20
17-116	vihuela de mano	17cent/1/early	Castile	SOURCE Sebastián de Covarrubias Orozco, Emblemas morales. Madrid: Luis Sanchez, 1610, fol. 131, emblem 31 INSTRUMENT Characteristic of a 16th-century vihuela. Incurved waists, flat bridge and circular soundhole halfway along the body length. Some details
17-117	guitarra	17cent/1/early	Castile	SOURCE Sebastián de Covarrubias Orozco, Emblemas morales. Madrid: Luis Sanchez, 1610, fol. 276, centuria 3, emblema 76 INSTRUMENT THE GUITAR IS CHAR This instrument is characteristic of guitars and vihuelas of the 16th century. It is more accurately depi
17-118	lute	17cent/1/early	Castile	SOURCE Sebastián de Covarrubias Orozco, Emblemas morales. Madrid: Luis Sanchez, 1610, fol. 150, centuria II, emblema 50. INSTRUMENT A lute that appears more figuartive than a copy of a real instrument. It has a small oval body and a very long neck. Other
17-119	(none)	17cent/1/early	Castile	SOURCE Sebastián de Covarrubias Orozco, Emblemas morales. Madrid: Luis Sanchez, 1610, fol. 154, centuria 2, emblema 54. INSTRUMENT Quite a good representation of a lute, with some inaccuracies possible due to the size of the woodcut and perhaps the lack
17-120	vihuela de arco	17cent/1/early	Castile	SOURCE Sebastián de Covarrubias Orozco, Emblemas morales. Madrid: Luis Sanchez, 1610, fol. 218, centuria 3, emblema 18. INSTRUMENT An accurate representation of a vihuela de arco with an exceptional leaf-sha[ed pegpox. The instrument has cornered waists.
17-123a	guitarra	17cent/1/early	Castile	ARTWORK “La Presentación de Jesús en el Templo.” (dated between 1601-1650). Oil on Canvas, 220 x 160 cm Valladolid, Museo Nacional de Escultura San Gregorio. Inventory no CE1742. The painting depicts the Presentation of Jesus in the Temple as told in the
17-124	[ensemble]	17cent/1/early	Castile	ARTWORK “Virgen de los Ángeles”. Oil on Canvas. Diego Valentín Díaz ((Valladolid 1586-Valladolid 1660). 246 x 206 cm. Iglesia de San Miguel y San Julián (Valladolid). The extensive commentary on the artwork by Juan José Martín González and Rosario Alvarez
17-124a	vihuela de mano	17cent/1/early	Castile	ARTWORK “Virgen de los Ángeles”. Oil on Canvas. Diego Valentín Díaz ((Valladolid 1586-Valladolid 1660). 246 x 206 cm. Iglesia de San Miguel y San Julián (Valladolid). One of the five bowed and plucked stringed instruments in the painting. The full paintin
17-124b	vihuela de arco	16cent	Castile	ARTWORK “Virgen de los Ángeles”. Oil on Canvas. Diego Valentín Díaz ((Valladolid 1586-Valladolid 1660). 246 x 206 cm. Iglesia de San Miguel y San Julián (Valladolid). One of the five bowed and plucked stringed instruments in the painting. The full paintin
17-124c	lute	16cent	Castile	ARTWORK “Virgen de los Ángeles”. Oil on Canvas. Diego Valentín Díaz ((Valladolid 1586-Valladolid 1660). 246 x 206 cm. Iglesia de San Miguel y San Julián (Valladolid). One of the five bowed and plucked stringed instruments in the painting. The full paintin
17-124d	lute	16cent	Castile	ARTWORK “Virgen de los Ángeles”. Oil on Canvas. Diego Valentín Díaz ((Valladolid 1586-Valladolid 1660). 246 x 206 cm. Iglesia de San Miguel y San Julián (Valladolid). One of the five bowed and plucked stringed instruments in the painting. The full paintin
17-124e	vihuela de arco	16cent	Castile	ARTWORK “Virgen de los Ángeles”. Oil on Canvas. Diego Valentín Díaz ((Valladolid 1586-Valladolid 1660). 246 x 206 cm. Iglesia de San Miguel y San Julián (Valladolid). One of the five bowed and plucked stringed instruments in the painting. The full paintin
17-125	vihuela de mano	17cent/1/early	Castile	ARTWORK Concierto Celestial: Nuestra Señora de los Angeles, by Bartolomé González (Valladolid, 1564 - Madrid, 1627). Oil on canvas, h: 210 cm x w: 142 cm. Held in the Museo Cerralbo, Madrid, inventory no. 04593. Description from the museum catalogue: “Pi
17-132	vihuela de mano / guitarra	17cent/1/early	Italy	ARTWORK El tañedor de vihuela, painted by Jan Miel, in Rome probably between 1630 and 1650. Oil on canvas measuring 67 x 50 cm. Provenance is the Colección Real. INSTRUMENT Housed in the Prado, this painting is called El tañedor de vihuela but, if it we
17-133	vihuela de mano / guitarra	17cent/1/early	Aragon	ARTWORK Virgin and Child surrounded by Angels. Drawing of the altarpiece painting “Virgen of Portacaeli” for the Carthusian Monastery of Porta Coeli in Serra (comarca de Tiuria, Valencia) painted by Juan Ribalta between 1625 and 1627. The catalogue entry
17-134	vihuela de mano / guitarra	17cent/1/early	Aragon	ARTWORK “Virgen of Portacaeli”, altarpiece painting for the Carthusian Monastery of Porta Coeli in Serra (comarca de Tiuria, Valencia). The painting depicts the Virgin and Child surrounded by a large group of Angels and cherubs. Painted by Juan Ribalta be
17-136	[ensemble]	17cent/1/early	Castile	ARTWORK No details are available concerning the origins of this painting or the artist who may have painted it. It is located in the current modern church of San Ildefonso in Valladolid, presumably having come from the former church that was demolished in
17-136a	lute	17cent/1/early	Castile	ARTWORK see main entry 17-135: Santo Tomás surrounded by angel musicians and apostles INSTRUMENT Angel playing a lute. The soundbox is unrealistically oval shaped and the rose is close to the middle of the soundboard. The bridge is obscured but the numbe
17-136b	lute	17cent/1/early	Castile	ARTWORK see main entry 17-135: Santo Tomás surrounded by angel musicians and apostles INSTRUMENTS This lute-like instrument asppears to have three courses of strings, a large central sound hole, and typically early seventeenth-century decorations on the
17-136c	vihuela de mano / guitarra	17cent/1/early	Castile	ARTWORK see main entry 17-135: Santo Tomás surrounded by angel musicians and apostles INSTRUMENTS This depiction is of a guitar or vihuela at the feet of angel musicians. The decorations on the soundboard are typical of early seventeenth-century guitars,
17-137	viola da mano (vihuela)	17cent/1/early	Sicily	Artwork: Natività con i Santi Chiara, Francesco e Giovanni Baptista, 1609, Oil on canvas, 390 x 284 cm. Provenance: Chiesa di Santa María di Gesù dei Francescani Osservanti. Inscribed: “MONOCULUS RACALMUTENSIS PINGEBAT MDCVIIII”. The figure playing the vi
17-138	viola da mano (vihuela)	17cent/1/early	Sicily	Artwork The Circumcision of Jesus. Oil on canvas, 180 x 150 cm. Provenance: Chiesa de San Francesco de Paola. The wikipedia article on Bazzano appears to list this work erroneously as “Crocifissione” instead of “Circuncisione”. If this error is correct, i
17-138a	viola da mano (vihuela)	17cent/1/early	Sicily	Artwork The Circumcision of Jesus. Oil on canvas, 180 x 150 cm. Provenance: Chiesa de San Francesco de Paola. The wikipedia article on Bazzano appears to list this work erroneously as “Crocifissione” instead of “Circuncisione”. If this error is correct, i
17-138b	viola da mano (vihuela)	17cent/1/early	Sicily	Artwork The Circumcision of Jesus. Oil on canvas, 180 x 150 cm. Provenance: Chiesa de San Francesco de Paola. The wikipedia article on Bazzano appears to list this work erroneously as “Crocifissione” instead of “Circuncisione”. If this error is correct, i
17-201	guitarra	17cent/2/mid	Castile	ARTWORK Oil on canvas, 100 x 162 cm, c.1650, by Pedro de Camprobín (c. 1605-1674). Some historians suggest that the painting dates from c.1650, although some references such as the Manrique edition [manriquePOESIAS] indcate 1634. This latter date seems to
17-205	vihuela de mano / guitarra	17cent/3/late	Castile	ARTWORK Engraving of a prince playing a vihuela (guitar) in L. Anneo Seneca, ilustrado en blasones politicos, y morales, y su impugnador impugnado de si mismo. Al Serenissimo Señor el Señor D. van de Austria by Don Juan Baños de Velasco y Acebedo. Madrid:
17-206	vihuela de mano	17cent/2/mid	Lowcountries	ARTWORK Jan Gerritsz van Bronckhorst, Muzikaal gezelschap aan een balustrade. The date of the painting and its current location are not known. Oxford Art Online (Benezit Dictionary of Artists) lists the painting as being in a collection in Brunswick. INS
17-207	guitarra	16cent/3/late	Aragon	The earliest treatise on playing the 5-course guitar, an instrument described by the book’s author as being of five courses: 1st - single; 2nd & 3rd courses = unison; 4th and 5th courses = octaves. The book appears first to have been published in 1596, a
17-208	lute	17cent/2/mid		PAINTING Painted by Murillo c. 1660-1670. Oil on canvas 104.5 x 135.5 cm. Presented to the Gallery by Sir Alfred and Lady Beit, 1987 (Beit Collection) NGI.4542. The painting is reported by Gallego in bordas1985 as belonging to the Prado in Madrid. INSTRU
17-211	vihuela de mano	17cent/2/mid	Persia	ARTWORK Persian painting of a Persian man dressed as a European, seated on the ground playing a vihuela. INSTRUMENT The vihuela has a long almond-shaped elongated body with cornered waists, quite anachronistic at the time the painting was executed, thoug
17-212	guitarra	17cent/1/early	France	ARTWORK Etching on fol. 95v of Mersenne’s treatise showing the guitar and the various forms of chord notation: French and Italian tablature, alfabetto symbols, and Spanish tablature numbers INSTRUMENT The guitar has five double courses, completely paralle
17-213	vihuela de mano	16cent	Portugal	ARTWORK The Palace of the Marqueses de Fronteira was built in Lisbon in 1671-1672. The dining room was decorated with Dutch ceramic tiles and portraits of Portuguese nobility. See: http://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palácio_dos_Marqueses_de_Fronteira INSTRUMEN
17-214	vihuela de mano	17cent/2/mid		SOURCE Don Antonio de los Caramancheles, La pastora de Mançanares y desdichas de Pánfilo. is a long poem of some 7000 or more verses written sometime in that years 1630-1660, kept in the Biblioteca Nacional in Madrid (E-Mn, MSS 189) and published for the
17-302	vihuela de mano / guitarra	17cent?	America	ARTWORK This painting formed part of the decoration of the dome of the Iglesia de la Compañía de Jesús (Córdoba, Argentina), which was destroyed by fire in 1967. The inside of the dome is blackened with smoke, and the picture is no longer visible. The chu
17-303a	vihuela de mano	17cent/3/late		ARTWORK Scultpure by Isidre Espinalt (1658-1737), an angel playing a vihuela or Guitar (Vihuela) on the left of the sagrarium, together with another playing a lute adorning the Sagrarium behind the high altar in Tarragona Cathedral. Alabaster and Black ma
17-993	vihuela de mano / guitarra	17cent	Portugal	Artwork This painting, located by Portuguese researcher Sónia da Silva Duarte c.2021, is on the ceiling of a rural church in Baião (Portugal) about 80km inland from Oporto. The patrons of the church were the Marquises of Nisa (connected to King D. João IV
17-994	vihuela de mano	17cent	Asia	ARTWORK Panel of a painted Chinese screen (namban byōbu) in the Japanese Jesuit tradition, thought to have been painted in the 17th or 18th century, but based on earlier model. The illustration is on the fourth of the eight paels that constitute the scree
19-100a	guitarra	19cent	Aragon	Artwork. This sculpture and the associated lutenist (19-100b are from the retablo (altarpiece) of the church of Santa Maria la Major, Inca, Mallorca. The date is hard to establish. The present building was begun in 1706 and finished in 1893. Perhaps thes
19-100b	lute	19cent	Aragon	Artwork. This sculpture and the associated vihuelist/guitarist (19-100a) are from the retablo (altarpiece) of the church of Santa Maria la Major, Inca, Mallorca. The date is hard to establish. The present building was begun in 1706 and finished in 1893.
20-214	vihuela de mano	20cent		INSTRUMENT A vihuela made by Donald Warnock (1919-1997), one of the pioneer American builders of historical stringed instruments. The instrument’s handwritten label reads: “Vihuela de mano/ en sol/ [in different ink: #1]/ made June 1964 by/ Donald Warnock
20-215	vihuela de mano	20cent	America	INSTRUMENT This vihuela built in 1974 is claimed to be the first modern vihuela built in Chile. This instrument was built with advice from renowned Chilean guitarist Luis López, supposedly according to historical principles but is an example of the way th