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Lawrence, Deborah.

“Spain's ‘Conde Claros’ From Popular Song to Harmonic Formula.” Journal of Musicological Research 30.1 (2011): 46-65.

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Article: journal 2011 lawrence2011
Summary

One of the earliest melodico-harmonic themes for variation appears in Spain in 1538 under the title “Conde Claros.” Wildly popular, it inspired variation sets by at least six composers in three countries during the sixteenth century. At the same time, “Conde Claros” was the subject matter of numerous popular ballads. These vocal and instrumental works are related by head motives that served as a point of departure for improvisations; together, they demonstrate how a formulaic ballad could evolve into a melodico-harmonic theme for instrumental variations.


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